Step 6 - Measure out the sweetener

Depending upon which type of jelly you're making (sugar, no-sugar, Stevia (but you will have to experiment with amount, each brand of Stevia is a different concentration), or Splenda, or a mix of sugar and Stevia (or Splenda) or fruit juice) you will need to use a different amount of sugar and type of pectin. The precise measurements are found in each and every box of pectin sold. It is easiest to use a no-sugar needed pectin, because you can always use as much sugar or sweetener as you want then.

NOTE: To get best results (a firm jelly) - I highly recommend using a no-sugar pectin AND sugar. Pomona pectin is particularly good for this

For more about the types of pectin sold, see this page!

Notes:

• Nutrasweet (aspartame) will NOT work - it breaks down during heating).
• Stevia sustitutes 1 to 3 with sugar and if you prefer, Splenda (sucralose) substitutes exactly with sugar. BUT even the manufacturers of Splenda will tell you that you get best results if you just use a 50-50 mix; half regular sugar and half Stevia or Splenda.
• Sugar not only affects the sweetness, but also the color and flavor.  It does not affect the preserving or spoilage properties - that has to do with acid and the processing method.
• you can use "no sugar" pectin in place of "low sugar" pectin - you can still add sugar or other sweeteners.
• Honey or agave may be used - 75% of the sugar amount (use 3/4 cup for each 1 cup of sugar)

Step 7 - Mix the pectin and some sugar / sweetener

Mix the 2.5 (two and a half)  packets of dry pectin (1 packet is equal to 3 Tablespoons of pectin) with about 1/2 cup of sugar or other sweetener and set aside.

Step 8 - Cook the peppers, vinegar and sugar / sweetener

Combine the pepper puree, the remaining apple cider vinegar and the remaining sweetener in a pot and heat to a boil over medium heat, while stirring periodically, to prevent burning. Boil for 10 minutes, continuing to stir as needed to prevent burning.

Note: The recipes that were first developed and tested (in labs) used vinegar. The commonly used acids in home canning are vinegar, lemon and lime juice. Lemon and lime juices are more acidic than vinegar, but have less effect on flavor. Consequently, you may safely substitute an equal amount of lemon juice for vinegar in recipes using vinegar.

Step 9 - Add the pectin and boil hard for one minute

After boiling for 10 minutes, add the pectin from step 7, return the mix to a boil and then boil hard for 1 minute, stirring constantly.

Step 10 - Skim any excessive foam

Foam... What is it?  Just jam with a lot of air from the boiling.  But it tastes more like, well, foam, that jam, so most people remove it.  It is harmless, though.  Some people add 1 teaspoon of butter or margarine to the mix in step 6 to reduce foaming, but food experts debate whether that may contribute to earlier spoilage, so I usually omit it and skim.

But save the skimmed foam!  You can recover jam from it to use fresh!  See this page for directions!

Step 11 - Testing for "jell" (thickness)

I keep a metal tablespoon sitting in a glass of ice water, then take a half spoonful of the mix and let it cool to room temperature on the spoon. If it thickens up to the consistency I like, then I know the jam is ready. If not, I mix in a little more pectin (about 1/3 to 1/2 of another package) and bring it to a boil again for 1 minute.  Get a few jars out of the dishwasher (still hot) and get your funnel, lid lifter and ladle ready.  I put an old towel down - it makes clean up easier.

Step 12 - Fill the jars and put the lid and rings on

Fill them to within 1/4-inch of the top, wipe any spilled jam off the top, seat the lid and tighten the ring around them.

Put the lids on each jar and seal them by putting a ring on and screwing it down snugly (but not with all your might, just "snug"). (Yes, that is a photo of pickled peppers - my photos of the next 2 steps didn't turn out! :)

This is where the jar tongs and lid lifter come in really handy!

Step 13 - Process the jars in the boiling water bath

Keep the jars covered with at least 2 inches of water. Keep the water boiling. In general, boil them for 10 minutes.  I say "in general" because you have to process (boil) them longer at higher altitudes than sea level, or if you use larger jars, or if you did not sanitize the jars and lids right before using them.  The directions inside every box of pectin will tell you exactly.  The directions on the pectin tend to be pretty conservative.  Clemson University says you only need to process them for 10 minutes.  I usually hedge my bets and start pulling them out after 10 minutes, and the last jars were probably in for 12.  I rarely have a jar spoil, so it must work.

Note: Some people don't even boil the jars; they just ladle it hot into hot jars, but putting the jars in the boiling water bath REALLY helps to reduce spoilage! To me, it makes little sense to put all the working into making the jam and then not to process the jars to be sure they don't spoil!

Step 14 - Remove and cool the jars - Done!

Lift the jars out of the water and let them cool without touching or bumping them in a draft-free place (usually takes overnight) You can then remove the rings if you like, but if you leave them on, at least loosen them quite a bit, so they don't rust in place due to trapped moisture. Once the jars are cool, you can check that they are sealed verifying that the lid has been sucked down. Just press in the center, gently, with your finger. If it pops up and down (often making a popping sound), it is not sealed. If you put the jar in the refrigerator right away, you can still use it. Some people replace the lid and reprocess the jar, then that's a bit iffy. If you heat the contents back up, re-jar them (with a new lid) and the full time in the canner, it's usually ok.

The contents should "set" or gel within 24hours.  If they don't, which does happen from time to time due to variations in ingredients, you can remake it - see this page for how to fix runny jam and jelly.

Once cooled, they're ready to store. I find they last about 18 months. After that, the get darker in color and start to get runny. They still seem safe to eat, but the flavor is bland. So eat them in the first 12 to 18 months after you prepare them!

Other Equipment:

From left to right:

1. Jar lifting tongs 
           helpful to pick up hot jars
2. Lid lifter
           - to remove lids from the pot 
           of hot water 
3. Lids
          - disposable - you may only 
          use them once
4. Ring 
         - holds the lids on the jar until after
         the jars cool - then you remove them, save them and reuse them
5. Canning Jar funnel
         - to fill the jars

Feedback, Comments and Frequently Asked Questions

• A visitor writes on July 23, 2013: "My jalapeno jam has tiny bubbles covering the top of it. Is it safe to eat?"

  Definitely!  Tiny bubbles are normal!

• A visitor writes on August 14, 2013: "Why did the pulp rise to the top in my jalapeno jelly after it cooled in the jars after canning?"

  Definitely!  That's common with many home canned products, due to entrained air and the difference in density between the pulp and the solution around it. Commercial manufacturers/canners get around this by adding flocculants and other chemical additives. Most home canners prefer to simply stir the contents after opening!

• Comments from a visitor on August 27, 2012: "This e-mail is to THANK YOU for the perfect recipe for jalapeno pepper jelly. I have tried other recipes and failed, now I know why!!!!!!! the instructions were not as detailed as you have them, Thanks again, oh and by the way, my jelly is perfectly set. I made it this morning and it is great, Sincerely,Rhena. Your website is in my Favorites"